Kierkegaard S. Journals and Papers, (vol. 1 transl.). Hong HV, Hong EH, Malantschuk G, eds. Bloomington, IN: University of Indiana Press.; 1969. (Originally published 1843).
Kuhn TS. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd ed.; 1970: 625.
Billingham RE, Brent L, Medawar PB. Actively acquired tolerance of foreign cells. Nature 172: 603-606; 1953.
Hauschka TS. Immunologic aspects of cancer: review. Cancer Research 12: 615; 1952.
Oettgen HF, Hellström KE. Tumor Immunology. In: Holland JF, Frei E, eds. Cancer Medicine. Philadelphia: Lea and Feibiger; 1973: 951.
Gold P, Freedman SO. Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. Journal of Experimental Medicine 121: 439; 1965.
Gold P, Freedman SO. Specific carcinoembyronic antigens of the human digestive system. Journal of Experimental Medicine 122: 467; 1965.
Krupey J, Gold P, Freedman SO. Purification and characterization of carcinoembryonic antigens of the human digestive system. Nature 215(96): 67-68; 1967.
Krupey J, Gold P, Freedman SO. Physicochemical studies of the carcinoembryonic antigens of the human digestive system. Journal of Experimental Medicine 128(3): 387-398; 1968.
Madjic O. Cluster report: CD66. In: Knapp W, et al., eds. Leucocyte Typing IV. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1989: 838.
Gold P, Krupey J, Ansari H. Position of the carcinoembryonic antigen of the human digestive system in ultrastructure of tumor cell surface. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 45(2): 219-225; 1970.
Rosenthal KL. Palmer JL. Harris JA, et al. Antibody-induced redistribution of CEA on the cell surface: utilization in separation of CEA and isoantigen A. Journal of Immunology 115(4):1049-1053; 1975.
Pignatelli M, Durbin H, Bodmer WF. Carcinoembryonic antigen functions as an accessory adhesion molecule mediating colon epithelial cell-collagen interactions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 87(4): 1541-1545; 1990.
Thomson DM, Krupey J, Freedman SO, et al. The radioimmunoassay of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen of the human digestive system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 64(1): 161-167; 1969.
Terry WD, Henkart PA, Coligan JE, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen: characterization and clinical applications. Transplantation Reviews 20(0): 100-129; 1974.
Benchimol S, Fuks A, Jothy S, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen, a human tumor marker, functions as an intercellular adhesion molecule Cell 57(2): 327-334; 1989.
Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Kosaki G. Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 142(2): 511-518; 1987.
Hefta SA, Hefta LJ, Lee TD, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen is anchored to membranes by covalent attachment to a glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety: identification of the ethanolamine linkage site. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 85(13): 4648-4652; 1988.
Slayter HS, Coligan JE. Electron microscopy and physical characterization of the carcinoembryonic antigen. Biochemistry 14(11): 2323-2330; 1975.
Thompson J, Zimmermann W, Osthus-Bugat P, et al. Long-range chromosomal mapping of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family cluster. Genomics 12(4): 761-772; 1992.
Sikorska H, Massie C, Gold P. Carcinoembryonic antigen and its utility in the diagnosis of colonic adenocarcinoma. In: Cinader B, Miller RG, eds. Progress in Immunology VI (Sixth International Congress of Immunolgy). Toronto: Academic Press, Inc.; 1986: 723.
Shively JE, Beatty JD. CEA-related antigens: molecular biology and clinical significance. Critical Reviews in Oncology-Hematology 2(4): 355-399; 1985.
Paxton RJ, Mooser G, Pande H, et al. Sequence analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen: identification of glycosylation sites and homology with the immunoglobulin supergene family. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 84(4): 920-924; 1987.
Zimmermann W, Ortlieb B, Friedrich R, et al. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding the human carcinoembryonic antigen reveal a highly conserved repeating structure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 84(9): 2960-2964; 1987.
Kamarck ME, Elting JJ, Hart JT, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen family: expression in a mouse L-cell transfectant and characterization of a partial cDNA in bacteriophage lambda gt11. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 84(15): 5350-5354; 1987.
Beauchemin N, Benchimol S, Cournoyer D, et al. Isolation and characterization of full-length functional cDNA clones for human carcinoembryonic antigen. Molecular & Cellular Biology 7(9): 3221-3230; 1987.
Neumaier M, Zimmermann W, Shively L, et al. Characterization of a cDNA clone for the nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and a comparison of NCA and carcinoembryonic antigen. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263(7): 3202-3207; 1988.
Tawaragi Y, Oikawa S, Matsuoka Y, et al. Primary structure of nonspecific crossreacting antigen (NCA), a member of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family, deduced from cDNA sequence. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 150(1): 89-96; 1988.
Cournoyer D, Beauchemin N, Boucher D, et al. Transcription of genes of the carcinoembryonic antigen family in malignant and nonmalignant human tissues. Cancer Research 48(11): 3153-3157; 1988.
Streydio C, Lacka K, Swillens S, et al. The human pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (PS beta G) and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related proteins are members of the same multigene family. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 154(1): 130-137; 1988.
Khan WN, Hammarstrom S. Carcinoembryonic antigen gene family: molecular cloning of cDNA for a PS beta G/FL-NCA glycoprotein with a novel domain arrangement. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 161(2): 525-535; 1989.
Khan WN, Hammarstrom S. Identification of a new carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family member in human fetal liver--cloning and sequence determination of pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 7. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 168(1): 214-225; 1990.
Khan WN, Osterman A, Hammarstrom S. Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA for a carcinoembryonic antigen-related fetal liver glycoprotein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 86(9): 3332-3336; 1989.
Zimmermann W, Weber B, Ortlieb B, et al. Chromosomal localization of the carcinoembryonic antigen gene family and differential expression in various tumors. Cancer Research 48(9): 2550-2554; 1988.
Thompson JA, Mauch EM, Chen FS, et al. Analysis of the size of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family: isolation and sequencing of N-terminal domain exons. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 158(3): 996-1004; 1989.
Thompson J, Koumari R, Wagner K, et al. The human pregnancy-specific glycoprotein genes are tightly linked on the long arm of chromosome 19 and are coordinately expressed. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 167(2): 848-859; 1990. Erratum published
Khan WN, Teglund S, Bremer K, et al. The pregnancy-specific glycoprotein family of the immunoglobulin superfamily: identification of new members and estimation of family size. Genomics 12(4): 780-787; 1992.
Thompson J, Zimmermann W. The carcinoembryonic antigen gene family: structure, expression and evolution. Tumour Biology 9(2-3): 63-83; 1988.
Oikawa S, Imajo S, Noguchi T, et al. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) contains multiple immunoglobulin-like domains. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 144(2): 634-642; 1987.
Barnett TR, Kretschmer A, Austen DA, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigens: alternative splicing accounts for the multiple mRNAs that code for novel members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family. Journal of Cell Biology 108(2): 267-276; 1989.
Neumaier M, Paululat S, Chan A, et al. Biliary glycoprotein, a potential human cell adhesion molecule, is down-regulated in colorectal carcinomas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 90(22): 10744-10748; 1993.
Rosenberg M, Nedellec P, Jothy S, et al. The expression of mouse biliary glycoprotein, a carcinoembryonic antigen-related gene, is down-regulated in malignant mouse tissues. Cancer Research 53(20): 4938-4945; 1993.
Cheung PH, Luo W, Qiu Y, et al. Structure and function of C-CAM1. The first immunoglobulin domain is required for intercellular adhesion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268(32): 24303-24310; 1993.
Rojas M, DeMarte L, Screaton RA, et al. Radical differences in functions of closely related members of the human carcinoembryonic antigen gene family. Cell Growth & Differentiation 7(5): 655-662; 1996.
Stanners CP, Rojas M, Zhou H, et al. The CEA family: a system in transitional evolution?. International Journal of Biological Markers 7(3): 137-142; 1992.
Benchimol S, Fuks A, Jothy S, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen, a human tumor marker, functions as an intercellular adhesion molecule. Cell 57(2): 327-334; 1989.
Takeichi M. Cadherins: a molecular family important in selective cell-cell adhesion. Annual Review of Biochemistry 59: 237-252; 1990.
Rojas M, Fuks A, Stanners CP. Biliary glycoprotein, a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family, functions in vitro as a Ca2(+)-dependent intercellular adhesion molecule. Cell Growth & Differentiation 1(11): 527-533; 1990.
Beauchemin N, Turbide C, Huang JQ, et al. Studies on the function of carcinoembryonic antigen. In: Yachi A, Shively JE, eds. The Carinoembryonic Gene Family. New York: Elsevier; 1989: 49.
von Kleist S, Migule I, Halla B. Possible function of CEA as cell-contact inhibitory molecule. Anticancer Research 15(5B): 1889-1894; 1995.
Jothy S, Yuan SY, Shirota K. Transcription of carcinoembryonic antigen in normal colon and colon carcinoma. In situ hybridization study and implication for a new in vivo functional model. American Journal of Pathology 143(1): 250-257; 1993.
Hostetter RB, Campbell DE, Chi KF, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen enhances metastatic potential of human colorectal carcinoma. Archives of Surgery 125(3): 300-304; 1990.
Jessup JM. Tumor markers: prognostic and therapeutic implication. In Wanebo HJ, ed. Colorectal Cancer. Mosby: St. Louis; 1993.
Yeatman TJ, Duan C, Mao W, et al. Augmentation of carcinoembryonic antigen release from intact, viable tumor cells by a factor in human serum. Annals of Surgical Oncology 2(4): 336-342; 1995.
Zhou H, Fuks A, Alcaraz G, et al. Homophilic adhesion between Ig superfamily carcinoembryonic antigen molecules involves double reciprocal bonds. Journal of Cell Biology 122(4): 951-960; 1993.
Eidelman FJ, Fuks A, DeMarte L, et al. Human carcinoembryonic antigen, an intercellular adhesion molecule, blocks fusion and differentiation of rat myoblasts. Journal of Cell Biology 123(2): 467-475; 1993.
Jothy S, Slesak B, Harlozinska A, et al. Field effect of human colon carcinoma on normal mucosa: relevance of carcinoembryonic antigen expression. Tumour Biology 17(1): 58-64; 1996.
Bence-Jones H. On a new substance occurring in the urine of a patient with molligies ossium. Philosophical Transactions 138: 55-62; 1848.
Southam CM. Areas of relationship between immunology and clinical oncology. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 62(2): 224-242; 1974.
Gold P. Cancer immunology. In: Freedman SO, Gold P, eds. Clinical Immunology, 2nd ed. New York: Harper & Row; 1976: 420.
Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Clinical Uses of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1397-1659; 1978.
Goldenberg DM, Neville AM, Carter AC. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen): its role as a marker in the management of cancer. Journal of Cancer Research & Clinical Oncology 101(3): 239-242; 1981.
Goodyear MDE, Sutherland DJ, Malkin A, et al. Prognostic value of postoperative levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for recurrence and survival in primary breast cancer. Reviews on Endocrine-Releated Cancer 14: 149-153; 1984.
Mayer RJ. Gastrointestinal cancer. In: Mayer RJ, Dale DC, eds. Scientific American Medicine, vol. 12. New York: Scientific American; 1996.
Garrett PE, Kurtz SR. Clinical utility of oncofetal proteins and hormones as tumor markers. Medical Clinics of North America 70(6): 1295-1306; 1986.
Lo Gerfo P, Herter FP, Braun J, et al. Tumor associated antigen with pulmonary neoplasms. Annals of Surgery 175(4): 495-500; 1972.
Delwiche R, Zamcheck N, Marcon N, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in pancreatitis. Cancer 31(2): 328-330; 1973.
Pusztaszeri G, Mach J-P. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in non-digestive cancerous and normal tissues. Immunochemistry 10(3):197-204; 1973.
Loewenstein MS, Zamcheck N. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in benign gastrointestinal disease states. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1412-1418; 1978.
Chu TM, Lavin P, Day J, et al. Carcino-embryonic antigen: prognosis and monitoring of cancer. In: Lehmann FG, ed. Carcinoembryonic Proteins, vol. I. Amsterdam: Elsevier/
North-Holland;1979:55-64.
Endo Y, Fujino M, Kodama T, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in benign liver diseases. In: Lehmann FG, ed. Carcinoembryonic Proteins, vol I. Amsterdam: Elsevier/
North-Holland; 1979: 91-96.
Wittekind C, Von Kleist S, Sandritter W. CEA positivity in tissue and sera of patients with benign breast lesions. Oncodevelopmental Biology & Medicine 2(6): 381-390; 1981.
Stockley RA, Shaw J, Whitfield AG, et al. Effect of cigarette smoking, pulmonary inflammation, and lung disease on concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen in serum and secretions. Thorax 41(1): 17-24; 1986.
Herbeth B, Bagrel A. A study of factors influencing plasma CEA levels in an unselected population. Oncodevelopmental Biology & Medicine 1(4-5): 191-198; 1980.
Tabor E, Gerety RJ, Needy CF, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in asymptomatic adolescents. European Journal of Cancer 17(2): 257-258; 1981.
Stevens DP, Mackay IR. Increased carcinoembryonic antigens in heavy smokers. Lancet 2(840): 1238-1239; 1973.
Beaudonnet A, Gounon G, Pichot J, et al. Sex- and age-related influences on carcinoembryonic antigen in blood. Clinical Chemistry 27(5): 771; 1981.
Berardi RS, Ruiz R, Becknell WE Jr, et al. Does advance age limit the usefulness of CEA assays? Geriatrics 32(1): 86-88; 1977.
Touitou Y, Proust J, Klinger E, et al. Cumulative effects of age and pathology on plasma carcinoembryonic antigen in an unselected elderly population. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 20(3): 369-374; 1984.
Haines AP, Levin AG, Fritsche HA. Ethnic-group differences in serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen. Lancet 2(8149): 969; 1979.
Fletcher RH. Carcinoembryonic antigen. Annals of Internal Medicine 104(1): 66-73; 1986.
Vest SL, Roche JK. Carcinoembryonic antigen: physician attitudes, patterns of use, and impact upon patient care. Digestive Diseases & Sciences 27(4): 289-296; 1982.
Williams RR, McIntire KR, Waldmann TA, et al. Tumor-associated antigen levels (carcinoembryonic antigen, human chorionic gonadotropin, and alpha-fetoprotein) antedating the diagnosis of cancer in the Framingham study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 58(6): 1547-1551; 1977.
Wanebo HJ, Rao B, Pinsky CM, et al. Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 299(9): 448-451; 1978.
Goldenberg DM, Neville M, Carter AC, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen: its role as a marker in the management of cancer: an NIH consensus development statement. Annals of Internal Medicine 94(3): 407-409; 1981.
Sikorska H.M, Fuks A, Gold P. Clinical applications of carcinoembryonic antigens. In: Ballesta AM, Torre GC, Bombardieri E, et al., eds. Updating on Tumor Markers in Tissues and in Biological Fluids. Basic Aspects and Clinical Applications. Torino, Italy: Edizioni Minerva Medica S.P.A; 1993: 217.
Keavins JV, Cho YT, Pampier R. Clinical applications of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TGA). Bulletin of Molecular Biology in Medicine 10: 25-31; 1985.
De Jong-Bakker M, Hart AA, Persijn JP, et al. Prognostic significance of CEA in breast cancer: a statistical study. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 17(12): 1307-1313; 1981.
Falkson HC, Falkson G, Portugal MA, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen as a marker in patients with breast cancer receiving postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 49(9): 1859-1865; 1982.
Laurence DJ, Stevens U, Bettelheim R, et al. Role of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen in diagnosis of gastrointestinal, mammary, and bronchial carcinoma. British Medical Journal 3(827): 605-609; 1972.
Steward AM, Nixon D, Zamcheck N, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer patients: serum levels and disease progress. Cancer 33(5): 1246-1252; 1974.
Tormey DC, Waalkes TP, Ahmann D, et al. Biological markers in breast carcinoma. I. Incidence of abnormalities of CEA, HCG, three polyamines, and three minor nucleosides. Cancer 35(4):1095-1100; 1975.
Tormey DC, Waalkes TP, Snyder JJ, et al. Biological markers in breast carcinoma. III. Clinical correlations with carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer 39(6): 2397-2404; 1977.
Zamcheck N, Moore TL, Dhar P, et al. Kupchik H. Immunologic diagnosis and prognosis of human digestive-tract cancer: carcinoembryonic antigens. New England Journal of Medicine 286(2): 83-86; 1972.
Ona FV, Zamcheck N, Dhar P, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer 31(2): 324-327; 1973.
Fitzgerald PJ, Fortner JG, Watson RC, et al. The value of diagnostic aids in detecting pancreas cancer. Cancer 41(3): 868-879; 1978.
Kalser MH, Barkin JS, Redlhammer D, et al. Circulating carcinoembryonic antigen in pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1468-1471; 1978.
The diagnostic value of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in pancreatic disease. Medical Research Council Tumour Products Committee: Clinical Subgroup. British Journal of Cancer 41(6): 976-9; 1980.
Podolsky DK, McPhee MS, Alpert E, et al. Galactosyltransferase isoenzyme II in the detection of pancreatic cancer: comparison with radiologic, endoscopic, and serologic tests. New England Journal of Medicine 304(22): 1313-8; 1981.
Begent RH. The value of carcinoembryonic antigen measurement in clinical practice. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 21 ( Pt 4): 231-238; 1984.
Tsutsumi Y, Nagura H, Watanabe K, et al. Immunohistochemical observations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CEA-related substances in normal and neoplastic pancreas. Pitfalls and caveats in CEA immunohistochemistry. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 82(5): 535-542; 1984.
Del Favero G, Fabris C, Panucci A, et al. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in pancreatic cancer. Role of age and liver dysfunction. Bulletin du Cancer 73(3): 251-255; 1986.
Lokich JJ. Plasma CEA levels in small cell lung cancer. Correlation with stage, distribution of metastases, and survival. Cancer 50(10): 2154-2156; 1982.
Gold P, Freedman SO, Shuster J, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen--historical perspective, experimental data. In: Herberman RB, McIntire KR, eds. Immunodiagnosis of Cancer. New York: Dekker; 1979, pt. 1: 147-164.
Persijn JP. Carcino-embryonic antigen 1970-1980. Netherlands Journal of Medicine 23(1) :1-3; 1980.
te Velde ER, Persijn JP, Ballieux RE, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen serum levels in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: clinical significance. Cancer 49(9): 1866-1873; 1982.
Loewenstein MS, Zamcheck N. Carcinoembryonic antigen and the liver. Gastroenterology 72(1): 161-166; 1977.
Bullen AW, Losowsky MS, Carter S, et al. Diagnostic usefulness of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels in acute and chronic liver disease. Gastroenterology 73(4 Pt 1): 673-678; 1977.
Scully RE. Tumors of the ovary and maldeveloped gonads. Hartman Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Atlas of Tumor Pathology, 2nd series. Washington, D.C.: Castle House Publications; 1978.
Holyoke ED, Chu TM, Murphy GP. CEA as a monitor of gastrointestinal malignancy. Cancer 35(3): 830-836; 1975.
Booth SN, Jamieson GC, King JP et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in management of colorectal carcinoma. British Medical Journal 4(5938): 183-187; 1974.
Goldberg EM, Simunovic LM, Drake SL, et al. Comparison of serum CA 19-9 and CEA levels in a population at high risk for colorectal cancer. Hybridoma 8(5): 569-575; 1989.
Sugano K, Ohkura H, Hirohashi S, et al. Detection of increased fecal carcinoembryonic antigen and its characterization as a membrane-bound form in colorectal carcinoma and other gastrointestinal disorders. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 80(12): 1156-1160; 1989.
Alvarez JA, Marin J, Jover JM et al. Sensitivity of monoclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, carbohydrate antigen 50, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in the diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 38(5): 535-542; 1995.
Fuks A, Shuster J, Gold P. Theoretical and practical considerations of the utility of the radioimmunoassay for carcineombryonic antigen (CEA) in clinical medicine. In:
Sells S, ed. Cancer Markers. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press; 1980: 315-327.
Holyoke ED, Douglass HO Jr, Goldrosen MH, et al. Tumor markers in pancreatic cancer. Seminars in Oncology 6(3): 347-356; 1979.
Zamcheck N, Martin EW et al. Factors controlling the circulating CEA levels in pancreatic cancer: some clinical correlations. Cancer 47(6 Suppl): 1620-1630; 1981.
Castelli M, Guadagni S, Bagnato A, et al. Evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen levels in gastric juice, stomach mucosa and plasma in high-risk and gastric cancer patients. Oncology 43(3): 149-153; 1986.
Del Favero G, Fabris C, Plebani M, et al. CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Cancer 57(8): 1576-1579; 1986.
Cooper MJ, Mackie CR, Skinner DB, et al. A reappraisal of the value of carcinoembryonic antigen in the management of patients with various neoplasms. British Journal of Surgery 66(2): 120-123; 1979.
Concannon JP, Dalbow MH, Frich JC Jr. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plasma levels in untreated cancer patients and patients with metastatic disease. Radiology 108(1): 191-193; 1973.
Meeker WR Jr, Kashmiri R, Hunter L et al. Clinical evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen test. Archives of Surgery 107(2): 266-274; 1973.
Borthwick NM, Wilson DW, Bell PA. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer 13(2): 17117-6; 1977.
Baylin SB, Weisburger WR, Eggleston JC et al. Variable content of histaminase, L-dopa decarboxylase and calcitonin in small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Biologic and clinical implications. New England Journal of Medicine 299(3): 105-110; 1978.
Haagensen DE Jr, Kister SJ, Vandevoorde JP et al. Evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen as a plasma monitor for human breast carcinoma. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1512-1519; 1978.
Varnavides LA, O'Higgins NJ, Clark CG. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in mammary disease: a clinical evaluation. Clinical Oncology 4(4): 329-337; 1978.
Rimsten A, Adami HO, Wahren B, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in serum of unselected breast-cancer patients and of non-hospitalized controls. British Journal of Cancer 39(2): 109-115; 1979.
Breslin BK, Healy JB. The CEA test in breast cancer. Irish Medical Journal 74(7): 203-204; 1981.
Doyle PJ, Nicholson RI, Groome GV, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): its role as a tumour marker in breast cancer. Clinical Oncology 7(1):53-8; 1981.
Waalkes TP, Enterline JP, Shaper JH, et al. Biological markers for breast carcinoma. Cancer 53(3 Suppl): 644-651; 1984.
Wang DY, Knyba RE, Bulbrook RD, et al. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen in the diagnosis and prognosis of women with breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 20(1): 25-31; 1984.
Myers RE, Sutherland DJ, Meakin JW, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1520-1526; 1978.
Mori M, Mimori K, Inoue H, et al. Detection of cancer micrometastases in lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Cancer Research 55(15): 3417-3420; 1995.
Waalkes TP, Abeloff MD, Woo KB, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen for monitoring patients with small cell carcinoma |of the lung during treatment. Cancer Research 40(12): 4420-4427; 1980.
Goslin RH, O'Brien MJ, Skarin AT, et al. Immunocytochemical staining for CEA in small cell carcinoma of lung predicts clinical usefulness of the plasma assay. Cancer 52(2): 301-306; 1983.
Sculier JP, Body JJ, Jacobowitz D, et al. Fruhling J. Value of CEA determination in biological fluids and tissues. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 23(8): 1091-1093; 1987.
Sanguinetti CM, Riccioni G, Marchesani F, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid level of carcinoembryonic antigen in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 50(3): 177-182; 1995.
Yap BS, Yap HY, Fritsche HA, et al. CSF carcinoembryonic antigen in meningeal carcinomatosis from breast cancer. JAMA 244(14): 1601-1603; 1980.
Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Yamamura H, et al. Value of gastric juice carcinoembryonic antigen in identifying high-risk patients for gastric cancer. Oncology 45(1): 30-4; 1988.
Kim YH, Ajani JA, Ota DM, et al. Value of serial carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and stomach. Cancer 75(2): 451-456; 1995.
Ellis DJ, Speirs C, Kingston RD, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in advanced gastric carcinoma. Cancer 42(2): 623-625; 1978.
Ditrich C, Jakesz R, Havelec L, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plasma level determination in the management of gastric cancer patients. In: Nieburys HE, Holzner JH, Valli VE, eds. Tumor markers in Cancer Control. New York: Alan Liss; 1985: 181.
Zamcheck N. The expanding field of colorectal cancer markers: CEA, the prototype. Cancer Bulletin 33: 141-151; 1981.
Mach JP, Jaeger P, Bertholet MM et al. Detection of recurrence of large-bowel carcinoma by radioimmunoassay of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (C.E.A.). Lancet 2(7880): 535-540, 1974.
Mach JP, Carrel S, Merenda C et al. Sordat B. In vivo localisation of radiolabelled antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen in human colon carcinoma grafted into nude mice. Nature 248(450): 704-706; 1974.
Martin EW Jr, Kibbey WE, DiVecchia L, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen: clinical and historical aspects. Cancer 37(1): 62-81; 1976.
Tomoda H, Furusawa M. The usefulness and limitations of CEA assay in the management of colorectal cancer. Japanese Journal of Surgery 11(1): 33-8; 1981.
Lunde OC, Havig O. Clinical significance of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with adenocarcinoma in colon and rectum. Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica 148(2): 189-193; 1982.
Lo Gerfo P, Herter FP. Carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Annals of Surgery 181(1): 81-84; 1975.
Zamcheck N, Doos WG, Prudente R, et al. Prognostic factors in colon carcinoma: correlation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and tumor histopathology. Human Pathology 6(1): 31-45; 1975.
Jubert AV, Talbott TM, Maycroft TM. Characteristics of adenocarcinomas of the colorectum with low levels of preoperative plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Cancer 42(2): 635-639; 1978.
Zamcheck N. CEA in diagnosis, prognosis, detection of recurrence, and evaluation of therapy of colorectal cancer. In: Krebs BP, Lalanne CM, Schneider M, eds. Clinical Application of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Assay, International Congress Series, no. 439. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica; 1978: 64-79.
Beatty JD, Romero C, Brown PW, et al Clinical value of carcinoembryonic antigen: diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up of patients with cancer. Archives of Surgery 114(5): 563-567; 1979.
Arnaud JP, Koehl C, Adloff M. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 23(3): 141-144; 1980.
Goslin R, Steele G Jr, Macintyre J, et al. The use of preoperative plasma CEA levels for the Stratification of patients after curative resection of colorectal cancers. Annals of Surgery 192(6): 747-751; 1980.
Wolmark N, Fisher B, Wieand HS, et al. The prognostic significance of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels in colorectal cancer. Results from NSABP (National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project) clinical trials. Annals of Surgery 199(4): 375-382; 1984.
Midiri G, Amanti C, Consorti F, et al. Usefulness of preoperative CEA levels in the assessment of colorectal cancer patient stage. Journal of Surgical Oncology 22(4): 257-260; 1983.
Lewi H, Blumgart LH, Carter DC, et al. Pre-operative carcino-embryonic antigen and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. British Journal of Surgery 71(3): 206-208; 1984.
Onetto M, Paganuzzi M, Secco GB, et al. Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 39(7): 392-395; 1985.
Aabo K, Pedersen H, Kjaer M. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alkaline phosphatase in progressive colorectal cancer with special reference to patient survival. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 22(2): 211-217; 1986.
Lazorthes F, Chiotasso P, Roques J, et al. [Postoperative surveillance of rectal cancer]. Revue du Praticien 36(41): 2389-2395; 1986.
Armitage NC, Davidson A, Tsikos D, et al. A study of the reliability of carcinoembryonic antigen blood levels in following the course of colorectal cancer. Clinical Oncology 10(2): 141-147; 1984.
Herrera MA, Chu TM, Holyoke ED, et al. CEA monitoring of palliative treatment for colorectal carcinoma. Annals of Surgery 185(1): 23-30; 1977.
Evans JT, Mittelman A, Chu M, et al. Pre- and postoperative uses of CEA. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1419-1421; 1978.
Kohler JP, Simonowitz D, Paloyan D. Preoperative CEA level: a prognostic test in patients with colorectal carcinoma. American Surgeon 46(8): 449-452; 1980.
Staab HJ, Anderer FA, Brummendorf T, et al. Prognostic value of preoperative serum CEA level compared to clinical staging. I. Colorectal carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer 44(5): 652-662; 1981.
Nap M, Mollgard K, Burtin P, et al. What is oncodevelopmental about carcinoembryonic antigen? Tumour Biology 6: 329; 1985.
Herrera MA, Chu TM, Holyoke ED. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a prognostic and monitoring test in clinically complete resection of colorectal carcinoma. Annals of Surgery 183(1): 5-9; 1976.
Lavin PT, Day J, Holyoke ED, et al. A statistical evaluation of baseline and follow-up carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with resectable colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 47(4): 823-826; 1981.
Steele G Jr, Ellenberg S, Ramming K, et al. CEA monitoring among patients in multi-institutional adjuvant G.I. therapy protocols. Annals of Surgery 196(2): 162-169; 1982.
Northover J. Carcinoembryonic antigen and recurrent colorectal cancer. Gut 27(2): 117-122; 1986.
Barone C, Astone A, Cassano A, et al. Advanced colon cancer: staging and prognosis by CEA test. Oncology 47(2): 128-132; 1990.
Stamatiadis AP, St. Toumanidou M, Vyssoulis GP, et al. Value of serum acute-phase reactant proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen in the preoperative staging of colorectal cancer. A multivariate analysis. Cancer 65(9): 2055-2057; 1990.
Chu TM, Nemoto T. Evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen in human mammary carcinoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 51(4):1119-1122; 1973.
Falkson HC, Van Der Watt JJ, Portugal MA, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with breast cancer: an adjunctive tool to monitor response and therapy. Cancer 42(3): 1308-1313; 1978.
Haagensen DE Jr, Kister SJ, Panick J, et al. Comparative evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen and gross cystic disease fluid protein as plasma markers for human breast carcinoma. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1646-1652; 1978.
Pompecki R, Schroder G, Garbrecht M, et al. Frahm H. [Carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA) in patients with metastatic breast cancer under endocrine and therapeutic treatment Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 103(14): 620-622; 1978.
Tormey DC, Waalkes TP. Clinical correlation between CEA and breast cancer. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1507-1511; 1978.
Waalkes TP, Gehrke CW, Tormey DC, et al. Biologic markers in breast carcinoma. IV. Serum fucose-protein ratio. Comparisons with carcinoembryonic antigen and human chorionic gonadotrophin. Cancer 41(5): 1871-1882; 1978.
Shousha S, Lyssiotis T, Godfrey VM, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen in breast-cancer tissue: a useful prognostic indicator. British Medical Journal 1(6166): 777-779; 1979.
Cantwell B, Duffy MJ, Fennelly JJ, et al. Carcino-embryonic antigen assay as a guide to tumour bulk, response to therapy and prognosis in human breast cancer. Irish Journal of Medical Science 149(12): 469-474; 1980.
Khoo SK, Warner NL, Lie JT, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen activity of tissue extracts: a quantitative study of malignant and benign neoplasms, cirrhotic liver, normal adult and fetal organs. International Journal of Cancer ll(3): 681-687; l973.
Bezwoda W, Derman D, Bothwell T, et al. Significance of serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, and calcitonin in breast cancer. Cancer 48(7): 1623-1628; 198l.
Chatal JF, Chupin F, Ricolleau G, et al. Use of serial carcinoembryonic antigen assays in detecting relapses in breast cancer involving high risk of metastasis. European Journal of Cancer 17(2): 233-238; 1981.
Cillari E, Bellavia A, Romano GC, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen as a monitor in breast cancer. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 1:269; 1981.
Mansour EG, Hastert M, Park CH, et al. Tissue and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen in early breast cancer. A prognostic factor. Cancer 5l(7): l243-1248; l983.
Mughal AW, Hortobagyi GN, Fritsche HA, et al. Serial plasma carcinoembryonic antigen measurements during treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 249(14): 188l-1886; l983.
Lang BA, Kocent A, Nekulova M, et al. Three-year follow-up of carcinoembryonal antigen levels in the serum of patients with breast cancer. Neoplasma 31(1): 79-87; l984.
Palazzo S, Liquori V, Molinari B, et al. The role of carcinoembryonic antigen in the postmastectomy follow-up of primary breast cancer and in the prognostic evaluation of disseminated breast cancer. Tumori 70(1): 57-59; l984.
Palazzo S, Liquori V, Molinari B. Is the carcinoembryonic antigen test a valid predictor of response to medical therapy in disseminated breast cancer? Tumori 72(5): 515-518; l986.
Zimmerman W, Ortlieb B, Rudert F et al. Chromosomal localization of the CEA gene family and differential expression in various tumors. XV Annual Meeting of the Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, August 30- September 3, 1987. Abstract 134.
Wang DY, Bulbrook RD, Hayward JL, et al. Relationship between plasma carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis in women with breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer 11(9): 615-618; l975.
Tormey DC, Davis TE, Waalkes TP. Tumor markers. In: Carter SJ, Glatstein E, Livingston RB, eds. Principles of Cancer Treatment. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1982: 170.
Neville AM, Patel S, Capp M, et al. The monitoring role of plasma CEA alone and in association with other tumor markers in colorectal and mammary carcinoma. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): l448-1451; l978.
Coombes RC, Powles TJ, Gazet JC, et al. Assessment of biochemical tests to screen for metastases in patients with breast cancer. Lancet 1(8163): 296-297; 1980.
Ikeda Y, Oomori H, Koyanagi N, et al. Prognostic value of combination assays for CEA and CA 19-9 in gastric cancer. Oncology 52(6): 483-486; 1995.
Concannon JP, Dalbow MH, Hodgson SE, et al. Prognostic value of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plasma levels in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1477-1483; 1978.
Stokes TC, Stevens JFS, Long P, et al. Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen and survival after resection of lung cancer. British Journal of Diseases of the Chest 74(4): 390-394; l980.
Mach JP, Vienny H, Jaeger P et al. Long-term follow-up of colorectal carcinoma patients by repeated CEA radioimmunoassay. Cancer 42(3 Supple): 1439-1447; l978.
Shani A, OíConnell MJ, Moertel CG et al. Serial plasma carcinoembryonic antigen measurements in the management of metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Annals of Internal Medicine 88(5): 627-630; l978.
Sugarbaker PH, Bloomer WD, Corbett ED, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): its role as a monitor of radiation therapy for colorectal cancer. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1434-1436; 1978.
Wanebo JH, Stearns M, Schwartz MK. Use of CEA as an indicator of early recurrence and as a guide to a selected second-look procedure in patients with colorectal cancer. Annals of Surgery l88(4): 481-493; l978.
Goldenberg DM, Neville M, Carter AC, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen: its role as a marker in the management of cancer. A National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference. Annals of Internal Medicine 94(3): 407-409; 1981.
Szymendera JJ, Nowacki MP, Szawlowski AW, et al. Predictive value of plasma CEA levels: preoperative prognosis and postoperative monitoring of patients with colorectal carcinoma. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 25(1): 46-52; l982.
Molina R, Filella X, Pique JM, et al. Application of the tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 in the early diagnosis of recurrence of colorectal cancer. Neoplasia 6: 156-158; 1989.
Moertel CG, Schutt A J, Go VLW. Carcinoembryonic antigen test for recurrent colorectal carcinoma. Inadequacy for early detection. Journal of the American Medical Association 239(11): 1065-1066; l978.
Moertel, CG, Fleming, TR, MacDonald JS, et al. An evaluation of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test for monitoring patients with resected colon cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 270(8): 943-947; 1993.
Bruinvels DJ, Stiggelbout AM, Kievit J, et al. Annals of Surgery 219: 174; 1994.
Wood CB, Ratcliffe JG, Burt RW, et al. The clinical significance of the pattern of elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in recurrent colorectal cancer. British Journal of Surgery 67(1): 46-48; l980.
Beart RW Jr, O'Connell MJ. Post-operative follow-up of patients with carcinoma of the colon. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 58(6): 361-363; 1983.
Beart RW Jr, Metzger PP, O'Connell MJ, et al. Post-operative screening of patients with carcinoma of the colon. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 24(8): 585-588; 1981.
Boey J, Cheung HC, Lai CK et al. A prospective evaluation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the management of colorectal carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery 8(3): 279-286; 1984.
Denstman F, Rosen L, Khubchandani IT, et al. Comparing predictive decision rules in postoperative CEA monitoring. Cancer 58(9): 2089-2095; 1986.
Coveney EC, Geraghty JG, Sherry F, et al. The clinical value of CEA and CA 15-3 in breast cancer management. International Journal of Biological Markers 10(1): 35-41; 1995.
Molina R, Zanon G, Filella X, et al. Use of serial carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 15.3 assays in detecting relapses in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 36(1): 41-48; 1995.
Jager W, Kramer S, Palapelas V, et al. Breast cancer and clinical utility of CA 15-3 and CEA. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 221 (Suppl.): 87-92; 1995.
Holzel WG, Beer R, Deschner W, et al. Individual reference ranges of CA 15-3, MCA and CEA in recurrence of breast cancer. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 221 (Suppl.): 93-101; 1995.
Diez M, Gomez A, Hernando F, et al. Serum CEA, CA 125, and SCC antigens and tumor recurrence in resectable non-small cell lung cancer. International Journal of Biological Markers 10(1): 5-10; 1995.
Lokich JJ, Zamcheck N, Lowenstein M. Sequential carcinoembryonic antigen levels in the therapy of metastatic breast cancer: a predictor and monitor of response and relapse. Annals of Internal Medicine 89(6): 902-906; l978.
Ahlemann LM, Staabb HJ, Anderer FA. Serial CEA determinations as an aid in postoperative therapy management of patients with early breast cancer. Biomedicine 32(4):
-199; 1980.
Andrew SM, Pimm MV, Perkins AC, et al. Comparative imaging and biodistribution studies with an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody and its F(ab)2 and Fab fragments in mice with colon carcinoma xenografts. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine 12(4): 168-175; 1986.
Burgess RE. Carcinoembryonic antigen (letter). Annals of Internal Medicine 104(6): 888; 1986.
Gropp C, Havemann K, Lehmann FG. Carcinoembryonic antigen and ferritin in patients with lung cancer before and during therapy. Cancer 42(6): 2802-2808; l978.
Aroney RS, Dermody WC, Aldenderfer P, et al. Multiple sequential biomarkers in monitoring patients with carcinoma of the lung. Cancer Treatment Reports 68(6): 859-866; l984.
Krischke W, Niederle N, Schütte J, et al. Is there any clinical relevance of serial determinations of serum carcinoembryonic antigen in small cell lung cancer patients? Cancer 62(7): l348-1354; l988.
Vider M, Kashmiri R, Hunter L, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monitoring in the management of radiotherapeutic patients. Oncology 39(4): 257-72; 1974.
Sugarbaker PH, Bloomer WD, Corbett ED, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monitoring of radiation therapy for colorectal cancer. American Journal of Roentgenology 127(4): 641-644; l976.
Mayer RJ, Garnick MB, Steele GD Jr., et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a monitor of chemotherapy in disseminated colorectal cancer. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): 1428-1433; l978.
Shinkai T, Saijo N, Tominaga K, et al. Serial plasma carcinoembryonic antigen measurement for monitoring patients with advanced lung cancer during chemotherapy. Cancer 57(7): l3l8-1323; l986.
Primus FJ, Clark CA, Goldenberg DM. Immunohistochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. In DeLellis RA, ed. Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry. New York: Masson; 1981: 263.
DeLellis RA, Lee AK. Imunohistochemistry of carcinoembryonic antigen--an overview. Journal of Clinical Immunoassay 7: 125; 1984.
Pavelic ZP, Petrelli NJ, Herrera L, et al. D-14 monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen: immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human colorectal carcinoma, tumors of non-colorectal origin and normal tissues. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology ll6(1): 5l-56; l990.
Robertson JF, Ellis IO, Bell J, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen immunocytochemistry in primary breast cancer. Cancer 64(8): l638-1645; l989.
Bepler G, Ostholt M, Neumann K, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen as differentiation marker for small cell lung cancer in vitro and its clinical relevance. Anticancer Research 9(6): 1525-1530; 1989.
Duk JM, DeBruijn HW, Groenier KH, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Prognostic significance of pretreatment serum CA 125, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in relation to clinical and histopathologic tumor characteristics. Cancer. 65(8): 1830-1837; 1990.
Dowling GP, Kelly JK. The histogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Cancer. 58(8): 1702-1708; l986.
Mori M, Ambe K, Adachi Y, et al. Prognostic value of immunohistochemically identified CEA, SC, AFP, and S-100 protein-positive cells in gastric carcinoma. Cancer 62(3): 534-540; l988.
Shimiuzu M, Saitoh Y, Ohyanagi H, et al. Immunohistochemical staining of pancreatic cancer with Cal9-9, KMOl, unabsorbed CEA, and absorbed CEA. A comparison with normal pancreas and chronic pancreatitis. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 114(2): 195-200; l990.
Wong MA, Yazdi HM. Hepatocellular carcinoma versus carcinoma metastatic to the liver. Value of stains for carcinoembryonic antigen and naphthylamidase in fine needle aspiration biopsy material. Acta Cytologica 34(2): l92-196; 1990.
Nap M. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), problems and perspectives. Bulletin du Cancer 73: 325; 1986.
Nap M, Mollgard K, Burtin P, et al. Immunohistochemistry of the carcino-embryonic antigen in the embryo, fetus and adult. Tumor Biology 9(2-3): l45-153; l988.
Smets G, Warson F, Dehou M-F, et al. Metastasizing neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with calcitonin and somatostatin secretion and CEA production, resembling medullary thyroid carcinoma. Virchows Archiv. A: Pathology. Pathologische Anatomie 416(6): 539-543; l990.
Denk H, Tappeiner G, Eckerstorfer R, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in gastrointestinal and extragastrointestinal tumors and its relationship to tumor-cell differentiation. International Journal of Cancer. 10(2): 262-272; 1972.
Sorokin JJ, Sugarbaker PH, Zamcheck N, et al. Serial
carcinoembryonic antigen assays. Use in detection of cancer recurrence. Journal of the American Medical Association 228(1): 49-53; l974.
Shousha S, Lyssiotis T. Correlation of carcinoembryonic antigen in tissue sections with spread of mammary carcinoma. Histopathology 2(6): 433-447; l978.
Wagener C, Muller-Wallraf R, Nisson S, et al. Localization and concentration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in
gastrointestinal tumors: correlation with CEA levels in plasma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 67(3): 539-547; l98l.
Ahnen DJ, Nakane PK, Brown WR. Ultrastructure localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in normal intestine and colon cancer: abnormal distribution of CEA on the surfaces of colon cancer cells. Cancer 49(10): 2077-2090; 1982.
Kojima O, Kurimoto T, Uehara Y, et al. Elevation of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels in colorectal cancer patients: correlation with carcinoembryonic antigen concentration and localization tissues. Journal of Experimental Clinical Cancer Research 4: 389; 1983.
Hamada Y, Yamamura M, Hioki K, et al. Immunohistochemical study of carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with colorectal cancer. Correlation with plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Cancer 55(1): 136-141; 1985
Cunningham L, Stocking B, Halter SA, et al. Immunoperoxidase staining of carcinoembryonic antigen as a prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 29(2): 111-116; 1986.
Page M, Dalifard I, Bertrand G, et al. Immunostaining of colorectal cancer with monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies compared to serum and tumor CEA content. Anticancer Research 6(5): 893-896; l986.
Martinez V, Azzopardi JG. Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: incidence and variants. Histopathology 3(6): 467-488; l979.
Bocker W, Schweikhart G, Pollow K, et al. Immunohistochemical demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 120 mammary carcinomas and its correlation with tumour type, grading, staging plasma-CEA, and biochemical receptor status. Pathology, Research and Practice 180(5): 490-497; 1985.
Lind HM, Haghighi P. Carcinoembryonic antigen staining in choriocarcinoma. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 86(4): 538-540; l986.
Bordes M, Michiels R, Martin F. Detection by immunofluorescence of carcinoembryonic antigen in colonic carcinoma, other malignant or benign tumors, and non-cancerous tissues. Digestion 9(2): 106-115; 1973.
Rognum T, Elgjo K, Brandtzaeg P, et al. Plasma carcino- embryonic antigen concentrations and immunohistochemical patterns of epithelial marker antigens in patients with large bowl carcinoma. Journal of Clinical Pathology 35(9): 922-933; l982.
Goslin R, O'Brien MJ, Steele G, et al. Correlation of plasma CEA and CEA tissue staining in poorly differentiated colorectal cancer. American Journal of Medicine 71(2): 246-253; l98l.
Jetha N, Woo ML, Nanji A. CEA content of colonic polyps (letter). American Journal of Clinical Pathology 85(2): 255; l986.
Davidson BR, Sams VR, Styles J, et al. Comparative study of carcinoembryonic antigen and epithelial membrane antigen expression in normal colon, adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum. Gut 30(9): 1260-1265; 1989.
Fischbach H, Mössner J, Syeschab H, et al. Tissue carcinoembryonic antigen and DNA aneuploidy in precancerous and cancerous colorectal lesions. Cancer 65(8): 1820-1824; 1990.
Scheele PM, Bendon RW, Ray MB. Carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha l-antitrypsin, trypsin, and alpha-fetoprotein in the pancreas of patients with cystic fibrosis. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ll3(10): ll42-1146; l989.
Fritsche R, Mach J-P. Isolation and characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) extracted from normal human colon mucosa. Immunochemistry 14(2): 119-127; l977.
Quentmeier A, Moller P, Schwarz V, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen, CA l9-9, and CA l25 in normal and carcinomatous human colorectal tissue. Cancer 60(9): 226l-2266; l987.
Savoie SC, Sikorska HM. Immunohistochemical characterization of a new anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody. Anticancer Research 11(1): 1-12; l991.
Breborowicz J, Easty GC, Birbeck M, et al. The monolayer and organ culture of human colorectal carcinomata and the associated "normal" colonic mucosa and their production of carcinoembryonic antigens. British Journal of Cancer 31(5):
-569; 1975.
Kuroki M, Arakawa F, Yamamoto H, et al. Active production and membrane anchoring of carcinoembryonic antigen observed in normal colon mucosa. Cancer Letters 43(1-2): l5l-157; l988.
Matsuoka Y, Endo K, Kawamura Y, et al. Normal bronchial mucus contains high levels of cancer-associated antigens, CA125, CA19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer 65(3): 506-510; l990.
Allum WH, Stokes HJ, MacDonald F, et al. Demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression in normal, chronically inflamed, and malignant pancreatic tissue by immunohistochemistry. Journal of Clinical Pathology 39(6): 610-614; 1986.
Wahren B, Lidbrink E, Wallgren A, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen and other tumor markers in tissue and serum or plasma of patients with primary mammary carcinoma. Cancer 42(4): 1870-1878; 1978.
Walker RA. Demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen in human breast carcinomas by the immunoperoxidase technique. Journal of Clinical Pathology 33(4): 356-360; l980.
Van der Linden JC, Baak JPA, Lindeman J, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen expression and peanut agglutinin binding in primary breast cancer and lymph node metastases; lack of correlation with clinical histopathological, biochemical, and morphometric features. Histopathology 9: l05l-1059; l985.
Von Kleist S, Wittekind C, Sandritter E, et al. CEA positivity in sera and breast tumor tissues obtained from the same patients. Pathology, Research and Practice l73(14): 390-401; l982.
Gilchrist KW, Kalish MA, Gould VE, et al. Immunostaining for carcinoembryonic antigen does not discriminate for early recurrence in breast cancer. The ECOG experience. Cancer 56(2): 351-355; l985.
Persijn JP, Korsten CB. Carcino-embryonic antigens, oestrogen receptors and androgen receptors in human breast tumors: clinical evaluation of carcino-embryonic antigen, IV. Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry l5(10): 553-556; l977.
Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, Szawlowski A. Immunohisto- chemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in
non-cancerous and cancerous gastric mucosa. International Journal of Biological Markers 4(1): 8-12; l989.
Sehested M, Hirsch FR, Hou-Jensen K. Immunoperoxidase staining for carcinoembryonic antigen in small cell carcinoma of the lung. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology 17(10): 1125-31; 1981.
Nanbu Y, Fujii S, Konishi I, et al. Immunohistochemical localizations of CA 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and
CA-19-9 in normal and neoplastic glandular cells of the uterine cervix. Cancer 62(12): 2580-2588; l988.
Charpin C, Bhan AK, Zurawski VR Jr, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate determinant 19-9 (CA 19-9) localization in 121 primary and metastatic ovarian tumors: an immunohistochemical study with the use of monoclonal antibodies. International Journal of Gynecological Pathology 1(3): 231-245; l982.
Fleuren GJ, Nap M. Second European conference on clinical Oncology. Amsterdam: November 2-5, 1983.
Nap M, Keuning H, Burtin P, et al. CEA and NCA in benign and malignant breast tumors. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 82(5): 526-534; l984.
Pressman D, Korngold L. The in vivo localization of anti-Wagner-osteogenic-sarcoma antibodies. Cancer 6: 619; 1953.
Reif AE, Curtis LE, Duffield R, et al. Trial of radiolabeled antibody localization in metastases of a patient with a tumor containing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Journal of Surgical Oncology 6(2): 133-150; l974.
Primus FJ, Wang RJ, Goldenberg DM, et al. Localization of human GW-39 tumors in hamsters by radiolabeled heterospecific antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer Research 33(11): 2977-2982; l973.
Goldenberg DM, Preston DF, Primus FJ, et al. Photoscan localization of GW-39 tumors in hamsters using radiolabeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen immunoglobulin G. Cancer Research 34(1): 1-9; l974.
Dillman RO, Beauregard JC, Sobol RE, et al. Lack of radioimmunodetection and complications associated with monoclonal anticarcinoembryonic antigen antibody cross-reactivity with an antigen on circulating cells. Cancer Research 44(5): 2213-2218; 1984.
Goldenberg DM, Deland F, Kim E, et al. Use of radiolabeled antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen for the detection and localization of diverse cancers by external photoscanning. New England Journal of Medicine 298(25): l384-1386; l978.
Goldenberg DM, Sharkey RM, Primus FJ. Immunocytochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in conventional histopathology specimens. Cancer 42(3 Suppl): l546-1553; l978.
Goldenberg DM, Kim EE, Deland FH, et al. Radioimmunodetection of cancer with radioactive antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer Reseach 40(8 Pt 2): 2984-2992; 1980
Mach JP, Forni M, Ritschard J, et al. Use and limitations of radiolabeled anti-CEA antibodies and their fragments for photoscanning detection of human colorectal carcinomas. Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine l(1): 49-69; l980.
Wahl RL, Parker CW, Philpott GW. Improving radioimaging and tumor localization with monoclonal F(ab')2. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 24(4): 316-325; l983.
Bradwell AR, Fairweather DS, Dykes PW, et al. Limiting factors in the localization of tumours with radiolabelled antibodies. Immunology Today 6: 163; 1985.
Sullivan DC, Silva JS, Cox CE, et al. Localization of I-131-labeled goat and primate anti carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibodies in patients with cancer. Investigative Radiology 17(4): 350-355; l982.
Beatty JD, Duda RB, Williams LE, et al. Preoperative
imaging of colorectal carcinoma with 111In-labeled
anti carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody. Cancer Research 46: 6494-6502; 1986.
Duda RB, Beatty JD, Sheibani K, et al. Imaging of
human colorectal adenocarcinoma with indium-labeled anti carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody. Archives of Surgery 12l(11): 1315-1319; l986.
Goldenberg DM, Goldenberg H, Sharkey RM, et al. Clinical studies of cancer radioimmunodetection with carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody fragments labeled with 123-I or 99mTc. Cancer Research 50(Suppl): 909S-921S; l990.
Dykes PW, Hine KR, Bradwell AR, et al. Localisation of tumour deposits by external scanning after injection of radiolabelled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen. British Medical Journal 280(6209): 220-222; 1980.
Berche C, Mach JP, Lumbroso JD, et al. Tomoscintigraphy for detecting gastrointestinal and medullary thyroid cancers: first clinical results using radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen. British Medical Journal 285(6353): 1447-1451; 1982.
Fairweather DS, Bradwell AR, Dykes PW, et al. Improved tumour localisation using indium-111 labelled antibodies. British Medical Journal 287: 167-170; 1983.
Allum WH, MacDonald F, Anderson P, et al. Localisation of gastrointestinal cancer with a 131I labelled monoclonal antibody to CEA. British Journal of Cancer 53(2): 203-210; 1986.
Armitage NC, Perkins AC, Durrant LG, et al. In vitro binding and in vivo localization in colorectal cancer of a high affinity monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen. British Journal of Surgery 73(12): 965-969; 1986.
Holzheimer RGA, Muhrer KH, Muller H, et al. Immunoscintigram with monoclonal antibodies of liver metastases of colorectal cancer. British Journal of Cancer 54: 537-538; 1986.
Paganelli G, Riva P. Sarti G, et al. Intraperitoneal versus intravenous injection of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in patients with colorectal carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer 54: 542; 1986.
Vanderick J, Leners N, Ferrant A, et al. Tumour imaging with indium and I-labelled anti-CEA antibodies. British Journal of Cancer 54: 534; 1986.
Abdel-Nabi HH, Schwartz AN, Higano CS, et al. Colorectal carcinoma: detection with indium-lll anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-O25. Radiology 164(3):
-621; l987.
Abdel-Nabi HH, Schwartz AN, Goldfogel G, et al. Colorectal tumors: scintigraphy with In-111 anti-CEA monoclonal antibody and correlation with surgical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings. Radiology 166(3): 747-752; l988.
Henze E, Kübel R, Waitzinger J, et al. Tumor scintigraphy with l3lI anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies and F(ab')2 in colorectal cancer. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine 13(3): 125-129; l987.
Edington HD, Watson CG, Levine G, et al. Radioimmuno- imaging of metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland using an indium-111-labeled monoclonal antibody to CEA. Surgery 104(6): 1004-1010; 1988.
Patt YZ, Lamki LM, Haynie TP, et al. Improved tumor localization with increasing dose of indium-111-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-025 in metastatic colorectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 6(8): 1220-1230; l988.
Riva P, Moscatelli G, Paganelli G, et al. Antibody-guided diagnosis: an Italian experience on CEA-expressing tumours. International Journal of Cancer 2(Suppl): ll4-120; l988.
Siccardi AG, Buraggi GL, Callegaro L. Immunoscintigraphy of adenocarcinomas by means of radiolabeled F(ab')2 fragments of an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody: a multicenter study. Cancer Research 49(11):3095-3103, l989.
Doerr RJ, Abdel-Nabi H, Merchant B. Induim-111 ZCE-025 immunoscintigraphy in occult recurrent colorectal cancer with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen level. Archives of Surgery 125(2): 226-229; 1990.
Kairemo KJ. Immunolymphoscintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody (BW43l/26) reacting with carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer. Cancer Research 50(3 Suppl): 949S-954S; l990.
Sharkey RM, Goldenberg DM, Goldenberg H, et al. Murine monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen: immunological, pharmacokinetic and targeting properties in humans. Cancer Research 50(9): 2823-2831; l990.
Lamki LM, Haynie TP, Murray JL, et al. The effect of increasing unlabelled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) doses on metastases detection and on body distribution of various 111In MoAbs. British Journal of Cancer 54: 535; 1986.
Moscatelli G, Agostini M, Benni S, et al. Antibody-guided detection of primary medullary carcinoma by means of indium labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody: a case report. British Journal of Cancer 54: 554; 1986.
Chatal JF, Saccavini JC, Fumoleau P, et al. Immunoscintigraphy of colon carcinoma. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 25(3): 307-314; 1984.
Wong JYC, Mivechi NF, Paxton RJ, et al. The effects of hyperthermia on tumor carcinoembryonic antigen expression. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics l7(4): 803-808; l989.
Ichiki S, Kuroki M, Matsunaga A, et al. Antigenic alterations of carcinoembryonic antigens involved in the secretion from various human tumor cell lines. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 77(11): l005-10ll; l986.
Pimm MV, Perkins AC, Armitage NC, et al. The characteristics of blood-borne radiolabels and the effect of anti-mouse IgG antibodies on localization of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody in cancer patients. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 26(9): l011-1023; l985.
Schroff RW, Foon KA, Beatty SM, et al. Human anti-murine immunoglobulin responses in patients receiving monoclonal antibody therapy. Cancer Research 45(29): 879-885; l985.
Traub UC, DeJager RL, Primus FJ, et al. Antiidiotype antibodies in cancer patients receiving monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer Research 48: 4002-4006; 1988.
Hagan PL, Halpern SE, Chen A, et al. In vivo kinetics of radiolabeled monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies in animal models. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 26(12): l4l8-1423; l985.
Steinstrasser A and Oberhausen E. Anti-CEA labelling kit
BW 431/26. Results of the European multicenter trial. Nuklearmedizin 34(6): 232-242; 1995.
Takenoshita S, Hashizume T, Asao T, et al. Immunoscintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody for patients with colorectal cancer. Anticancer Research 15(2):471-475; 1995.
Begent RHJ, Verhaa, MJ, Chester KA, et al. Clinical evidence of efficient tumor targeting based on single-chain Fv antibody selected from a combinatorial library. Nature Medicine 2(9):979-984; 1996.
Hughes K, Pinsky CM, Petrelli NJ, et al. Use of carcinoembryonic antigen radioimmunodetection and computed tomography for predicting resectability of recurrent colorectal cancer. Annals of Surgery 1997 [In press].
Rainsbury RM. The localization of human breast carcinomas by radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies. British Journal of Surgery 71(10): 805-812; l984.
Rosner D, Nabi H, Panaro V, et al. Immunoscintigraphy may reduce the number of surgical biopsies in women with benign breast disease and indeterminate mammograms: A novel approach. Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 15:102; 1996 [Abstract].
Silverberg E. Cancer statistics, 1983. Ca: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians 33(1): 9-25; 1983.
Sikorska H, Shuster J, Gold P. Clinical applications of carcinoembryonic antigen (review). Cancer Detection and Prevention 12: 321-355; 1988.
Hodge JW, McLaughlin JP, Abrams SI, et al. Admixture of recombinant vaccinia virus containing the gene for the costimulatory molecule B7 and a recombinant vaccinia virus containing a tumor-associated antigen gene results in enhanced specific T-cell responses and antitumor immunity. Cancer Research 55(116): 3598-3603; 1995.
Conry RM, LoBuglio AF, Loechel F, et al. A carcinoembryonic antigen polynucleotide vaccine for human clinical use. Cancer Gene Therapy 2(1): 33-38; 1995.
Richards CA, Austin EA, Huber BE. Transcriptional regulatory sequences of carcinoembryonic antigen: identification and use with cytosine deaminase for tumor-specific gene therapy. Human Gene Therapy 6(7): 881-893; 1995.
