Vol. 20 No. 2 (2022)
An Approach To:

Approach to Strabismus

PDF HTML
Arjan S Dhoot
Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
Bio
Michael J Wan
University of Toronto, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences; Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences
Bio
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26443/mjm.v20i2.908

Published 2022-04-19

Keywords

  • Estropia,
  • Strabismus,
  • Cover test,
  • Cover-uncover test,
  • Corneal light reflex,
  • Ophthalmology
    • ...More
    Less

How to Cite

1.
Dhoot A, Wan M. Approach to Strabismus. McGill J Med [Internet]. 2022 Apr. 19 [cited 2025 Oct. 27];20(2). Available from: https://mjm.mcgill.ca/article/view/908

Copyright (c) 2022 Arjan S Dhoot, Michael J Wan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

Strabismus is characterized by a misalignment of the eyes.  A thorough history and physical examination should be performed by clinicians when strabismus is suspected. The Hirschberg, cover, cover-uncover, and alternate prism cover tests are commonly used to identify and diagnose strabismus. Strabismus usually requires a referral to an ophthalmologist. Treatment of strabismus involves eye patches, cycloplegic drops, prescription glasses, and surgery. Strabismus can result in vision loss due to amblyopia and may also cause double vision, psychosocial concerns, and impaired depth perception.

 

PDF HTML

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Gunton KB, Wasserman BN, DeBenedictis C. Strabismus. Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice. 2015.
  2. Faisal Fahim M. Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi. Biometrics Biostat Int J. 2019;
  3. Sonne J, Lopez-Ojeda W. Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve. StatPearls. 2019.
  4. Dutton J. Atlas of Clinical and Surgical Orbital Anatomy. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2011.
  5. Chia A, Dirani M, Chan YH, Gazzard G, Au Eong KG, Selvaraj P, et al. Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in young singaporean chinese children. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;
  6. Durnian JM, Owen ME, Baddon AC, Noonan CP, Marsh IB. The psychosocial effects of strabismus: Effect of patient demographics on the AS-20 score. J AAPOS. 2010;
  7. Shapira Y, Machluf Y, Mimouni M, Chaiter Y, Mezer E. Amblyopia and strabismus: Trends in prevalence and risk factors among young adults in Israel. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018;
  8. Merrill KS, Lee MS, McClelland CM. Red Flags in the Assessment of Adult Ophthalmoplegia. J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil. 2018;
  9. Maconachie GDE, Gottlob I, McLean RJ. Risk Factors and Genetics in Common Comitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review of the Literature. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013;
  10. Han KE, Baek SH, Kim SH, Lim KH. Prevalence and risk factors of strabismus in children and adolescents in South Korea: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey, 2008 - 2011. PLoS ONE. 2018.
  11. Martinez-Thompson JM, Diehl NN, Holmes JM, Mohney BG. Incidence, types, and lifetime risk of adult-onset strabismus. Ophthalmology. 2014;
  12. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course: Section 06: Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jan 9]. Available from: http://aao-resources-enformehosting.s3.amazonaws.com/resources/AAO.LMS/BCSC_Media/BCSC1819/section06.html