Our study used data collected in Chung-Hsing Village in Taiwan in May 1998 to evaluate the distribution of triglycerides and the association between hypertriglyceridemia and its correlates in elderly people. All individuals aged 65 and over were recruited as study subjects. A total of 1093 persons, out of 1774 registered residents, were contacted in face-to-face interviews. The response rate was 61.6%. However, only 586 respondents had blood tests and completed questionnaires. Analysis in this study was based on these 586 subjects. To study the significant correlates of hypertriglyceridemia, t-tests, ANOVAs, chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used. Among the study population, 66.0% were men and 34.0% were women. The mean age was 73.1 ± 5.3 years. The mean triglyceride values were 1.65 ± 0.93 mmol/L in men and 2.02 ± 1.44 mmol/L in women (p < 0.01). The proportions of hypertriglyceridemia were 18.7% in men and 27.6% in women (p < 0.05). After controlling the other covariates, analysis by multivariate logistic regression showed that the factors significantly related to hypertriglyceridemia were high systolic pressure, abnormal glutamic pyruvic transaminase, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Thus, these results support the hypothesis that it is important to examine the other cardiovascular risk factors if one cardiovascular risk factor is observed. The data also suggest one should determine the triglyceride level when abnormal glutamic pyruvic transaminase is identified in an elderly subject.