In 2016, Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi accomplished an incredible feat: he received the Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology as a single recipient. Awarded once a year to up to 3 individuals who made a significant contribution to the scientific community, this Nobel Prize is the most well known, and arguably the most prestigious prize for those studying the human body.
References
"Yoshinori Ohsumi - Nobel Lecture". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2014. Web. 18 Dec 2016.
Nils-Göran Larsson and Maria G. Masucci Scientific Background for the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Karolinska Institutet Web. 18 Dec 2016.